2023年山东成人高考学位英语词汇语法：双宾语动词

　　在《及物动词不需要介词》一文中，谈到及物动词不需要通过介词引进宾语。但是，当及物动词有两个宾语时，有些无须介词，有些则需要。

　　两个宾路都无须介词的动词包括下列这些：

　　① Please show me the letter.

　　② Can you buy me a meal?

　　③ I will give you the latest newsletter.

　　④ John has sent Betty a cheque of $1000.

　　在①-④这样的句子里，有个直接宾语，也有个间接宾语。前者一定是“物”、后者一定是“人”。它们之间不需要介词作桥梁。另一些双宾语的动词，就需要介词的帮助了。关于这点，可以分四方面来谈。

　　Ⅰ.两个宾语可通过不同介词对换位置，如：

　　①a. The boss entrusted him with the job.

　　b. The boss entrusted the job to him.

　　②a. He tried to impress the new idea on us.

　　b. He tried to impress us with the new idea.

　　③a. A general should inspire his soldiers with great courage.

　　b. A general should inspire great courage in his soldiers.

　　Ⅱ.不同介词，不同意思，如：

　　④a. Who introduced John to you?

　　b. Who introduced John into the new office?

　　⑤a. We warned him of the hazard.

　　b. We warned him against the hazard.

　　(a. 指存在的危险;b. 指可能的危险)

　　⑥a. When compared with each other, there are differences between the twins.

　　b. We may compare the heart to a pump.

　　(a. 指同类人或物对比;b.指两样不同东西互相比拟)

　　⑦a. Helen was disappointed of the prize.

　　b. Helen was disappointed in the prize.

　　(a. 指没得奖而失望;b. 指对所得的奖不满而失望)

　　⑧a. The cake is allied to the flour.

　　b. Is Taiwan allied with America?

　　(a.指两样东西有关联;b. 指两个国家有联盟关系)

　　Ⅲ.两个宾语与介词各就各位，固定不变，如：

　　⑨ The police cautioned the tourists of the danger ahead.(警惕) ⑩ Can a doctor cure June of her chronic illness?(医治)

　　The company has to compensate its staff for their losses.(弥补)

　　No one can deprive a citizen of his human right.(剥夺)

　　Ⅳ.以返身代词为宾语的惯用语，如： I hope you will avail yourself of the golden opportunity. (利用)

　　My friends often pride themselves on their rare achievements.(以……自豪)

　　Jill knows how to insinuate herself into her boss's favour.(向……献媚取宠)

　　We look down on those ingratiating themselves with their superiors.(讨好……)