2024年山东成人高考专升本英语同义词辨析(一)

　 【同义词】enough、sufficient、adequate

　　这三个词都表示'足够的'或'充分的'.其中只有enough可以用作副词或名词，含义仍为'足够的'.

　　1、enough和sufficient在含义上几乎没有差异，只是enough的用法较多，这两个词都表示'完全满足需要，而且既不多余，也不缺少'.

　　2、adequate虽然也表示'足够的'、'充分的'，但是和另二词之间有着比较明显的细微差异，因为这个词的内涵是：对于必不可少的东西在数量上应当是合理的、公平的或不苛刻的。

　　Five menwillbequiteenough(orsufficient)。这句话说的是：5个人就十分充足了，再多给一个人就没有必要了His salary is enough to support three people..这句话说的是：他的工资够养活3个人的。即这些钱养活3个人够得上一般生活水平，并不苛刻。可见其差异非常细微。词义差别越细微，表意越准确。例如：'我为他干了3小时的活，他付给我20英镑。我觉得那20英镑的工钱是足够了的'.这两句话在英译时，其中的'足够的'必须用adequate，因为这里说的'足够'包含了'公平、合理'的意思。故这两句可译为：Workedforhimthreehours, and hepaidme20 pounds.It thinks that 20 pounds are adequate for work。此外，应注意下面例句中：enough的各种用法

　　I want to be a professional singer, but I don't think my voice is good enough.

　　我想当个职业歌唱家，但是我觉得我的嗓子不够好。

　　A day can start well, but suddenly everything seems to get out of control.

　　一天的开端可能好得很，但突然一切似乎都失去了控制。

　　The currents of air which the walls of the ship direct upwards, as well as in line of its course are enough to give the great bird with its immense wings sufficent sustenance and progress.

　　沿着船壁向上引导的以及与航行方向一致的气流足以给这种长有特大翅膀的大鸟以充分的支撑力和前进力。

　　Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired.

　　我们的牧师老是为这事或那事筹募款项，但是从来也没能募集到足够把教堂大钟修复起来的钱。

　　The question posed to society was not so much a question of the virtue of such men as of their adequacy to their duties, and serious difficulties arose. They refuse to consider sufficiently the needs of the customer, who has to buy not what he wants to buy but what the English gentleman wants to sell. They do not pay sufficient attention to the development of technology.

　　向社会提出的问题，与其说是这号人的德行问题，毋宁说是他们是否能胜任其职责的问题，于是便出现了严重的困难。他们不肯充分考虑顾客的需要，顾客不得不买的不是自己想要买的东西，而是英国绅士所要卖的。他们对技术的发展并不给予充分的注意。

　　The majority of patients attending the outpatient departments of our hospitals feel that they are not receiving adequate treatment unless they are able to take home with them some tangible remedy in the form of a bottle of liquid, a box of pills, or a small jar of ointment...

　　在医院门诊部就医的大多数病人认为，如果他们不能带一些实实在在的药物，如一瓶药水、一盒药丸、一小瓶药膏回家的话，他们就没得到充分的治疗……